To address the broad spectrum of this project, the consortium consists of metrological (TUBITAK, CMI, INRIM, CEM, SIQ, IPQ, Metrosert, FFII), academic and research (UNIBO, TalTech, Lukasiewicz-ITR, MarUn, ERU, UniCampania, ITU, Comillas), and industrial (SGS) participants, bringing together leading and long-established actors in the field of medical electrical devices. This multidisciplinary team leverages world-class expertise, including the use of Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesisers (JAWS) for complex signal development, advanced software toolboxes for sampling measurements (QWTB, QPSW), and over 70 years of experience in high-voltage testing and calibration. The participants enjoy the highest scientific reputation, with extensive publication records and a history of coordinating major EMPIR and Horizon Europe projects, while also holding prominent roles in international standardization bodies such as ISO and IEC. By combining profound academic experience with the technical authority of national metrology institutes, the consortium ensures that the project’s innovative outputs—ranging from AI/ML-assisted signal processing to advanced bioimpedance traceability—are developed with the highest level of scientific integrity and clinical relevance.
TUBITAK, incorporating the National Metrology Institute of Türkiye, is the highest authority of Türkiye that is responsible for the maintenance and dissemination of the national measurement standards. TUBITAK’s Medical Metrology Laboratory (MML) maintains traceability of measurement quantities relevant to medicine within the country and abroad through calibration, measurement and test services. TUBITAK’s Voltage laboratory which has experience from previous EMPIR JRP 16RPT03 InTENSE will work with Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesiser (JAWS) to develop complex ECG signals. TUBITAK will coordinate the project, lead WP1 and participate all other WPs. TUBITAK will develop setups for defibrillators and electrosurgical analysers by implementing AI/ML and contribute for developing and analysing the ECG and EEG signals.
CEM, the Spanish National Metrology Institute, through its Laboratory for Healthcare, has expertise in verifying ECG device signals according to technical standards, analysing ECG gain, designing databases, and studying simulated physiological signals to ensure compliance with required specifications. Within this project, CEM will focus on developing and validating a reference system for ECG and EEG simulator calibration, including techniques for metrological characterisation of waveforms and the selection of new ones using AI/ML. In this project, CEM will participate in WP2.
CMI, the Czech National Metrology Institute, has a wide experience in the measurement of electrical quantities and currently has the third-widest coverage of electrical quantities in Europe. CMI scientists are deeply experienced in software development, sampled data processing and uncertainty analysis of complex sampled signals (library Software Toolbox for Sampling Measurements (QWTB), sampling software (TWM), European Partnership on Metrology Q-Waveform Processing Software (QPSW)). CMI coordinated the EMPIR JRP 15RPT04 TracePQM focused on measuring electrical power and power quality using sampling methods. In this project CMI will lead WP2 focusing on the development of reference sampling measurement system for ECGs and EEGs. CMI will also participate in other WPs
FFII is a non-profit organisation specialising in the development of technology projects and R&D activities. They have a strong laboratory infrastructure for electrical tests and specialist staff. FFII hosts the High Voltage Technological Centre (LCOE) which has 70 years’ experience in high voltage testing, calibration and measurement techniques. Benefiting from extensive experience in medical equipment calibration and energy
measurements, FFII will participate and contribute to WP1.
INRIM, the Italian National Metrology Institute, provides expertise from the Quantum Metrology and Nanotechnologies Division, Research Sector QN02: Quantum electrical metrology. INRIM has long experience
in impedance metrology, both at primary level and in the calibration of commercial instruments, and the realisation and traceable measurement impedance standards in a wide range of values and frequency. INRIM
will lead WP3 and contribute with its expertise to the advancement of traceability in bioimpedance measurements.
IPQ, the Portuguese Institute of Quality (IPQ), is the national organisation that manages and promotes the development of the Portuguese Quality System, the legal framework for quality matters in Portugal, which includes the metrology subsystem. The IPQ is responsible for the national standards of units of measurement, for the traceability of Portuguese reference standards, for the technical support of legal metrology activities and for the organisation of national comparisons of calibration laboratories and participation in the relevant international ones. As the national metrological and standardisation body, IPQ also has expertise in scientific and technical ISO committees. IPQ will participate mainly in WP1.
Metrosert, the Estonian National Metrology Institute, maintains the national measurement standards for length, mass, temperature, and electrical quantities. Metrosert advances the measurement capabilities of these standards by applying state-of-the-art techniques and methods, and actively collaborates with other European NMIs to support this development. National standards for time and frequency, optical quantities, and electrical power are currently under development. Metrosert will primarily contribute to WP2 and WP3.
SIQ is designated by Metrology Institute of Republic of Slovenia for electrical quantities, time and frequency. SIQ has a complete range of standards for electrical quantities, which fulfil Slovenian needs for traceability and is investing in Research and Development (R&D) for future needs. Major progress in recent years has been achieved in the field of (i) high-speed and precise continuous sampling with 3458 DMMs or NI-5922 digitisers, (ii) precise current measurement, (iii) signal analysis, (iv) uncertainty estimation and software verification related to different electrical parameters (v) in development of novel accurate HF capacitance standard calibration technique using bridge and VNA. SIQ will be involved in development of traceability for defibrillator and electrosurgical analysers (WP1), development of traceability for ECG and EEG simulators (WP2) and in development of calibration systems to ensure robust traceability of the devices listed above.
ERU, has expertise in Al and signal processing, with applications in biomedical signal analysis, modeling, and
interpretation in AI-based parameter estimation, feature extraction, and reproducibility analysis using biomedical datasets. In this project, ERU will contribute to WP3 by developing AI/ML-assisted signal processing and modeling approaches applied to multi-centre and open bioimpedance datasets. The work will
focus on capturing nonlinear and frequency-dependent tissue behaviours, as well as on reproducibility and harmonisation across datasets, thereby ensuring comparability of bioimpedance measurements obtained from different devices and centres. ERU will contribute to WP3 mainly.
Lukasiewicz-ITR is a Polish research institute, which has specialised in modern electronic technologies, offering solutions for healthcare, industry, energy, and other sectors. Lukasiewicz-ITR has experience in the
field of medical device design, for example they have designed medical devices for generating voltages and
currents of different shapes and frequencies used in magnetotherapy and light therapy and medical devices
for respiratory therapy. Lukasiewicz-ITR can design medical devices for generating voltages and currents of
different shapes and frequencies used in medical therapy as well as measure them. Lukasiewicz-ITR will participate WP1, WP2 and WP3.
MarUn, is a public research university in Istanbul, Türkiye. The role of the Electrical and Electronics Department at the institution in the Technology Faculty is to deliver lectures and participate in scientific projects. MarUn will contribute WP1 and WP2 in well-equipped laboratories with important and valuable experience.
SGS is part of the SGS Group, the world’s leading company in inspection, verification, testing, and certification and operates in over 150 countries, with an extensive network of metrology laboratories, supporting traceability and quality assurance across multiple sectors, including healthcare, energy, environment, and industry. SGS Portugal will contribute to WP2.
TalTech is represented by the research group of measurement electronics, having long experience in the developing of innovative solutions of measurement electronics, including the state-of-art bio-impedance measurement devices, in some cases having optional ECG and PPG measurement functionality. TalTech will primarily contribute to WP2 and WP3.
UNIBO is known as the oldest university of the western world. The groups involved in this project are the electric and electronic measurement group (EEM) and the smart-sensor section of the electronic design and
measurement group (EDM), Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering. Those groups have been involved in several EMPIR, Metrology Partnership and Horizon projects like SOGNO (H2020 Project, 774613), edgeFLEX (H2020 Project, 883710), Metrology Partnership JRP 22NRM06 ADMIT, EMPIR JRPs 19NRM05 IT4PQ and 17IND06 FutureGrid II, PROGRESSUS (H2020 876868), ENERGY-ECS (H2020 101007247), R-PODID (Horizon Europe Digital, 101112338). UNIBO will lead the impact work package (WP4) and contribute to WP3.
UniCampania has more than 30 years of experience in the field of measurements of voltage and current, especially in wideband characterisation of instrument transformers, characterisation of power converters, embedded power/power quality measurement devices, and signal processing of distorted electrical signals. UniCampania is active in many Italian and European research projects focused on innovative measurement techniques and devices for electrical and electronic measurements. They participate in international standardisation activities (IEC TC 38). UniCampania contributes WP1 and WP2 mainly.
Comillas includes the Institute for Research in Technology (IIT) which promotes research and postgraduate training in technology through projects with companies and government institutions such as CEM. Comillas will provide their expertise in verifying ECG device signals according to technical standards, analysing ECG gain, designing databases, and studying simulated physiological signals to ensure compliance with required specifications. They are also involved in diverse activities promoted for/by UNE, the Spanish standardisation body. In this project, Comillas will participate in WP2.
ITU, the Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, leads advanced research in power systems, smart grids, high-voltage engineering, and electromagnetic technologies. The Electromagnetic Measurement and Imaging Laboratory offers state-of-the-art facilities for antenna characterisation, near- and far-field measurements, and high-frequency imaging studies, supporting a range of applications from biomedical diagnostics to subsurface sensing and remote sensing. ITU will contribute to WP1.